Oftalmomiasis por Oestrus ovis en un área urbana al sur del Perú / Oestrus ovis ophthalmomyiasis at an urban area in Southern Peru

Resumen La oftalmomiasis es la infestación ocular por larvas de dípteros. Ha sido descrita en pacientes provenientes de áreas rurales, higiene deficiente o por contacto con animales. Sin embargo, existen reportes esporádicos de esta infestación en áreas urbanas. Presentamos el caso de un varón joven, sin factores de riesgo, proveniente de un área urbana al sur del Perú, que presentó 10 larvas en la conjuntiva ocular. Las larvas fueron identificadas como Oestrus ovis, una mosca que suele infestar ovejas y cabras como parte de su ciclo de vida. Realizamos una breve revisión del tema, resaltando la importancia de identificar adecuadamente la especie causante de la miasis, así como su ciclo de vida.

Ophthalmomyiasis is the ocular infestation by dipterous larvae. It has been described in patients from rural areas, poor hygiene, or contact with animals. However, there are sporadic reports of this infestation in urban areas. We present the case of a young man without risk factors, from an urban area in southern Peru, in whom we found 10 larvae at ocular conjunctiva. The larvae were identified as Oestrus ovis, a fly that usually infests sheep and goats as part of their life cycle. We made a brief review of the case, highlighting the importance of adequately identifying the species that cause myiasis as well as its life cycle.

Multiple live subconjunctival dipetalonema: Report of a case.

Parasitic infestations of the eye have been reported since centuries, affecting various parts of the eye. Some are subtle, coexisting with vision, while many others damage and destroy, in part or totally, the gift of sight. This report describes a patient with live subconjunctival dipetalonema infestation of the right eye, with 22 parasites removed live in one sitting from one eye.

Subconjunctival Loa loa worm: first case report in Brazil / Verme subconjuntival da espécie Loa loa: primeiro caso no Brasil

We report the first case of ocular infestation by Loa loa in Brazil. Loiasis is caused by infestation with Loa loa, a filarial parasite originally found in the rainforests of western and central Africa. It is transmitted by the bite of the fly Chrysops and has been recently described in other places other than Africa, in African immigrants or travellers. Our case is a 33 year-old woman from Cameroon who was living in São Paulo, Brazil, for 5 years. She was asymptomatic until one morning she started feeling "something moving" in the left eye. Under topical anesthesia, on the slit lamp, a moving worm was removed from the subconjunctival space, which later was confirmed to be a male Loa loa adult specimen. Blood tests revealed microfilaraemia of 129 mf/mL. The patient was treated with 400 mg oral albendazole for 3 weeks and 60 mg prednisone. This report illustrates an unusual ocular disease, which is extremely rare outside of Africa, but easily diagnosed and treated. Ophthalmologists should be aware of it, in face of an increasingly globalized world.

Este é o primeiro relato na literatura nacional e internacional de infestação ocular por Loa loa no Brasil. A loíase é uma filariose causada pelo parasita Loa loa, encontrado nas florestas tropicais da África equatorial. A transmissão se dá pela picada do mosquito Chrysops e casos têm sido descritos em países não africanos, em imigrantes e viajantes. O presente caso trata-se de uma paciente de 33 anos natural de Camarões e residente em São Paulo, Brasil, há 5 anos. Até então assintomática, uma manhã sentiu algo "se mexendo" em seu olho esquerdo. Sob anestesia tópica, na lâmpada de fenda, um verme altamente móvel foi removido do espaço subconjuntival e enviado para identificação, que confirmou tratar-se de um espécime macho adulto de Loa loa. Testes sanguíneos revelaram microfilaremia de 129 mf/mL. A paciente foi tratada com albendazol 400 mg e prednisona 60 mg esquema regressivo por 3 semanas. Este relato ilustra uma doença excepcionalmente rara no Brasil, e praticamente desconhecida dos oftalmologistas em nosso país.

A historical note on an imported case of loiasis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1964 / Nota histórica sobre caso importado de loíase no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 1964

Loiasis is a filarial disease transmitted by the Chrysops spp. tabanid flies in West and Central Africa. It is most commonly diagnosed by the clinical manifestations of Calabar swellings (transient localized inflammatory edema) or, most dramatically, by the appearance of a migrating worm through the conjunctival tissues or the bridge of the nose. We report the case of a 35-year-old resident in the city of Rio de Janeiro who displayed a moving Loa loa in the bulbar conjunctival tissue two years after returning from a six-month trip to Uganda. Surgical removal of the worm was performed.

A loaíase é uma filaríase transmitida por tabanídeos (mutucas) do gênero Chrysops na África central e ocidental, comumente diagnosticada pela apresentação clínica de edema de Calabar (edema inflamatório transitório e localizado) ou, mais dramaticamente, pela migração de um verme adulto pelo tecido conjuntival ou asa do nariz. Descrevemos o caso clínico de um paciente do sexo masculino, 35 anos, residente no Rio de Janeiro, que se apresentou com um verme adulto de Loa loa migrando sobre o tecido conjuntival bulbar dois anos após retornar de uma viagem de seis meses de duração a Uganda. Procedeu-se a remoção cirúrgica do verme.

Spontaneous extrusion of subconjunctival cysticercous cyst: a case report.

Ocular cystericosis is the common occurrence among the people of lower socioeconomic status and poor personal hygiene in developing countries. However, spontaneous extrusion of subconjuctival cysticercous cyst is a rare incidence. The present case report describes a spontaneous extrusion of subconjunctival cyst in a 12 year old boy in our clinical set-up. The histopathological examination revealed subconjunctival cysticercous cyst. The extrusion was associated with improvement in clinical sign and symptoms. Cysticercosis should be considered in any case of inflammatory swelling of subconjunctival space especially in people of lower socioeconomic status and poor personal hygiene.

Subconjuctival Loa loa with Calabar Swelling

Loa loa is unique among the human filariae in that adult worms are occasionally visible during subconjuntival migration. A 29-yr-old African female student, living in Korea for the past 5 yr without ever visiting her home country, presented with acute eyelid swelling and a sensation of motion on the left eyeball. Her symptoms started one day earlier and became worse over time. Examination revealed a threadlike worm beneath the left upper bulbar conjunctiva with mild eyelid swelling as well as painless swelling of the right forearm. Upon exposure to slit-lamp illumination, a sudden movement of the worm toward the fornix was noted. After surgical extraction, parasitologic analysis confirmed the worm to be a female adult Loa loa with the vulva at the extreme anterior end. On blood smear, the microfilariae had characteristic features of Loa loa, including sheath and body nuclei up to the tip of the tail. The patient also showed eosinophilia (37%) measuring 4,100/microliter. She took ivermectin (200 microgram/kg) as a single dose and suffered from a mild fever and chills for one day. This patient, to the best of our knowledge, is the first case of subconjunctival loiasis with Calabar swelling in Korea.

Subconjunctival adult bancroftian filarial worm.

We report a case of live adult Bancroftian Filarial nematode removed from the sub conjunctival tissue of a 58-year-old woman from the temporal limbus of her left eye.

Conjunctival Ophthalmomyiasis due to the larvae of oestrus ovis

Ophthalmomyiasis is a parasitic disease of the eye caused by the larvae of a number of flies belonging to the order Diptera. We report two cases of conjunctival ophthalmomyiasis caused by the larvae of Oestrus ovis. Both cases were from an urban area and not associated with sheeprearing. The patients complained of sudden onset of a foreign body sensation, redness and tearing that resolved rapidly after mechanical removal of the larvae. Identification of Oestrus ovis larvae was determined by light microscopy. Ophthalmologists should consider ophthalmomyiasis in the differential diagnosis of acute catarrhal conjunctivitis

Spontaneous extrusion of cysticercosis: report of three cases.

We report three cases of spontaneous extrusion of cysticercosis. In two cases, it got extruded from the orbit and in one case from the subconjunctival space. Extrusion of cysticercosis was associated with improvement in clinical signs and symptoms.